@Article{FerreiraChaaBaldBrag:2021:SiVoDe,
               author = "Ferreira, Robson and Chaar, Jamal and Baldan, Maur{\'{\i}}cio 
                         Ribeiro and Braga, Neila",
          affiliation = "{Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)} and {Universidade 
                         Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)}",
                title = "Simultaneous voltammetric detection of Fe3+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+ e 
                         Cd2+ in fuel ethanol using anodic stripping voltammetry and 
                         boron-doped diamond electrodes",
              journal = "Fuel",
                 year = "2021",
               volume = "291",
                pages = "e120104",
                month = "May",
             keywords = "Ethanol fuel, BDD, Voltammetry, Metals.",
             abstract = "The presence of metallic species in biofuels has increased 
                         considerably during the last few years. The deposition of these 
                         species in non-metallic components of automotive engines can cause 
                         their degradation due to oxidative or catalytic processes, thus 
                         decreasing their useful life. Therefore, the problem imposes the 
                         need to implement methodologies with selectivity, sensitivity and 
                         adequate reproducibility in the detection of these inorganic 
                         species. This is the first study to determine the species Fe3+, 
                         Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ using boron-doped diamond (BDD) 
                         electrodes in an ethanolic medium with anodic stripping 
                         voltammetry (ASV). Thus, the ASV methodological parameters for 
                         accumulation time (Tacc), accumulation potential (Eacc), frequency 
                         (f) and amplitude (a) were optimized in different electrolyte 
                         media using BDD electrodes with a doping level of 8000 ppm in the 
                         determination of these metallic species. The limits of detection 
                         (LoD) and quantification (LoQ) were obtained from the analytical 
                         curves, reaching values (LoD) below 2 µg.L\−1 for all 
                         species. After the optimization of the ASV parameters, tests were 
                         performed on samples collected from different gas stations in the 
                         municipality of Manaus, Brazil.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.fuel.2020.120104",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.120104",
                 issn = "0016-2361",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "ferreira_simultaneous.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "09 maio 2024"
}